● Relate a proposed cause to a particular biological effect 将提出的原因与特定的生物学效应联系起来 (e.g., if asked, What is the evidence that a single mutation caused the phenotypic change seen in an organism?)● Identify assumptions and limitations of a conclusion 对某一结论的假设及局限做出确定 (e.g., if asked, If a nutrient has a positive effect on one plant, can you appropriately conclude that it is effective on all plants?)● Connect technique/strategy with its stated purpose/function in an investigation 将技术/策略与其在调查中的目的/功能联系起来 (e.g., if asked, Identify the control from a list of experimental treatments.)● Identify patterns or relationships (and anomalies) from observations or a data set 从观察或者数据中识别出相应的模式或关系 (e.g., if asked, Is the behavior of an organism the same in different environments?)
● Rationalize one choice over another, including selection and exclusion 作出合理化选择,包含选择和排除 (e.g., if asked, Which question from this list of questions can best be investigated scientifically?)